header() in Ruby
By: Jeeva in Ruby Tutorials on 2009-03-03
header(options = "text/html")Create an HTTP header block as a string.
Includes the empty line that ends the header block.
options can be a string specifying the Content-Type (defaults to text/html), or a hash of header key/value pairs. The following header keys are recognized:
| type: | the Content-Type header. Defaults to "text/html" |
| charset: | the charset of the body, appended to the Content-Type header. |
| nph: | a boolean value. If true, prepend protocol string and status code, and date; and sets default values for "server" and "connection" if not explicitly set. |
| status: | the HTTP status code, returned as the Status header. See the list of available status codes below. |
| server: | the server software, returned as the Server header. |
| connection: | the connection type, returned as the Connection header (for instance, "close". |
| length: | the length of the content that will be sent, returned as the Content-Length header. |
| language: | the language of the content, returned as the Content-Language header. |
| expires: | the time on which the current content expires, as a Time object, returned as the Expires header. |
| cookie: | a cookie or cookies, returned as one or more Set-Cookie headers. The value can be the literal string of the cookie; a CGI::Cookie object; an Array of literal cookie strings or Cookie objects; or a hash all of whose values are literal cookie strings or Cookie objects. These cookies are in addition to the cookies held in the @output_cookies field. |
Other header lines can also be set; they are appended as key: value.
header
# Content-Type: text/html
header("text/plain")
# Content-Type: text/plain
header("nph" => true,
"status" => "OK", # == "200 OK"
# "status" => "200 GOOD",
"server" => ENV['SERVER_SOFTWARE'],
"connection" => "close",
"type" => "text/html",
"charset" => "iso-2022-jp",
# Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-2022-jp
"length" => 103,
"language" => "ja",
"expires" => Time.now + 30,
"cookie" => [cookie1, cookie2],
"my_header1" => "my_value"
"my_header2" => "my_value")
The status codes are:
"OK" --> "200 OK" "PARTIAL_CONTENT" --> "206 Partial Content" "MULTIPLE_CHOICES" --> "300 Multiple Choices" "MOVED" --> "301 Moved Permanently" "REDIRECT" --> "302 Found" "NOT_MODIFIED" --> "304 Not Modified" "BAD_REQUEST" --> "400 Bad Request" "AUTH_REQUIRED" --> "401 Authorization Required" "FORBIDDEN" --> "403 Forbidden" "NOT_FOUND" --> "404 Not Found" "METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED" --> "405 Method Not Allowed" "NOT_ACCEPTABLE" --> "406 Not Acceptable" "LENGTH_REQUIRED" --> "411 Length Required" "PRECONDITION_FAILED" --> "412 Precondition Failed" "SERVER_ERROR" --> "500 Internal Server Error" "NOT_IMPLEMENTED" --> "501 Method Not Implemented" "BAD_GATEWAY" --> "502 Bad Gateway" "VARIANT_ALSO_VARIES" --> "506 Variant Also Negotiates"
This method does not perform charset conversion.
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