csharp Tutorials

What is C#?

C# (pronounced "see sharp") is a multi-paradigm programming language encompassing imperative, declarative, functional, generic, object-oriented (class-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines. It was developed by Microsoft within the .NET initiative and later approved as a standard by Ecma (ECMA-334) and ISO (ISO/IEC 23270). C# is one of the programming languages designed for the Common Language Infrastructure.
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Design Goals of C#

The ECMA standard lists these design goals for C#:
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Why it was named C#?

The name "C sharp" was inspired by musical notation where a sharp indicates that the written note should be made a semitone higher in pitch. This is similar to the language name of C++, where "++" indicates that a variable should be incremented by 1.
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History of C#?

During the development of the .NET Framework, the class libraries were originally written using a managed code compiler system called Simple Managed C (SMC). In January 1999, Anders Hejlsberg formed a team to build a new language at the time called Cool, which stood for "C-like Object Oriented Language". Microsoft had considered keeping the name "Cool" as the final name of the language, but chose not to do so for trademark reasons. By the time the .NET project was publicly announced at the July 2000 Professional Developers Conference, the language had been renamed C#, and the class libraries and ASP.NET runtime had been ported to C#.
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Which version of C# to use?

For a beginner it is always a daunting task to decide on which version to use and which development tool to use. The table here shows clearly the available versions of C# and the corresponding Visual Studio version to use.
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Major features of C#

By design, C# is the programming language that most directly reflects the underlying Common Language Infrastructure (CLI). Most of its intrinsic types correspond to value-types implemented by the CLI framework. However, the language specification does not state the code generation requirements of the compiler: that is, it does not state that a C# compiler must target a Common Language Runtime, or generate Common Intermediate Language (CIL), or generate any other specific format. Theoretically, a C# compiler could generate machine code like traditional compilers of C++ or Fortran.
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Comments in C#

C# utilizes a double forward slash (//) to indicate the rest of the line is a comment. This is inherited from C++.
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Categories of datatypes in C#

Value types are plain aggregations of data. Instances of value types do not have referential identity nor a referential comparison semantics - equality and inequality comparisons for value types compare the actual data values within the instances, unless the corresponding operators are overloaded. Value types are derived from System.ValueType, always have a default value, and can always be created and copied. Some other limitations on value types are that they cannot derive from each other (but can implement interfaces) and cannot have an explicit default (parameterless) constructor. Examples of value types are some primitive types, such as int (a signed 32-bit integer), float (a 32-bit IEEE floating-point number), char (a 16-bit Unicode code unit), and System.DateTime (identifies a specific point in time with nanosecond precision). Other examples are enum (enumerations) and struct (user defined structures).
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Hello World sample program in C#

The above line of code tells the compiler to use 'System' as a candidate prefix for types used in the source code. In this case, when the compiler sees use of the 'Console' type later in the source code, it tries to find a type named 'Console', first in the current assembly, followed by all referenced assemblies. In this case the compiler fails to find such a type, since the name of the type is actually 'System.Console'. The compiler then attempts to find a type named 'System.Console' by using the 'System' prefix from the using statement, and this time it succeeds. The using statement allows the programmer to state all candidate prefixes to use during compilation instead of always using full type names.
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Latest Tutorials Csharp : Major features of C# Csharp : Categories of datatypes in C# Csharp : Boxing and unboxing in C# Csharp : Preprocessor directives in C# Csharp : Comments in C# Csharp : Hello World sample program in C# Csharp : SOAP serialization in C# Csharp : What is C#? Csharp : Design Goals of C# Csharp : Why it was named C#? Csharp : History of C#? Csharp : Which version of C# to use? Csharp : Convert Image to Base64 String in C# Csharp : Convert Base64 String to Image in C#