Programming Tutorials

Inheritance Example in Java

By: Watson in Java Tutorials on 2007-10-13  

Here is the sample b for a possible implementation of a Bicycle class and demonstrates the concept of Inheritance in JAVA.

public class Bicycle {
	
    // the Bicycle class has three fields
    public int cadence;
    public int gear;
    public int speed;
	
    // the Bicycle class has one constructor
    public Bicycle(int startCadence, int startSpeed, int startGear) {
        gear = startGear;
        cadence = startCadence;
        speed = startSpeed;
    }
	
    // the Bicycle class has four methods
    public void setCadence(int newValue) {
        cadence = newValue;
    }
	
    public void setGear(int newValue) {
        gear = newValue;
    }
	
    public void applyBrake(int decrement) {
        speed -= decrement;
    }
	
    public void speedUp(int increment) {
        speed += increment;
    }
	
}

A class declaration for a MountainBike class that is a subclass of Bicycle might look like this:

public class MountainBike extends Bicycle {
	
    // the MountainBike subclass adds one field
    public int seatHeight;

    // the MountainBike subclass has one constructor
    public MountainBike(int startHeight, int startCadence, int startSpeed, int startGear) {
        super(startCadence, startSpeed, startGear);
        seatHeight = startHeight;
    }	
	
    // the MountainBike subclass adds one method
    public void setHeight(int newValue) {
        seatHeight = newValue;
    }	

}

MountainBike inherits all the fields and methods of Bicycle and adds the field seatHeight and a method to set it. Except for the constructor, it is as if you had written a new MountainBike class entirely from scratch, with four fields and five methods. However, you didn't have to do all the work. This would be especially valuable if the methods in the Bicycle class were complex and had taken substantial time to debug.


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