Using the DriverManager Class vs Using a DataSource Object for a connection
By: Reema Sen
Using the DriverManager Class
The DriverManager
class works with the Driver
interface to manage the set of drivers available to a JDBC client. When the
client requests a connection and provides a URL, the DriverManager
is responsible for finding a driver that recognizes the URL and for using it to
connect to the corresponding data source. Connection URLs have the following
form:
jdbc:derby:<dbName>[propertyList]
The dbName
portion of the URL identifies a specific database. A
database can be in one of many locations: in the current working directory, on
the classpath, in a JAR file, in a specific Java DB database home directory, or
in an absolute location on your file system.
If you are using a vendor-specific driver, such as Oracle, the documentation
will tell you what subprotocol to use, that is, what to put after jdbc:
in the JDBC URL. For example, if the driver developer has registered the name OracleDriver
as the subprotocol, the first and second parts of the JDBC URL will be jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
. The driver documentation will also give you guidelines for the rest of the
JDBC URL. This last part of the JDBC URL supplies information for identifying
the data source.
The getConnection
method establishes a connection:
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:derby:COFFEES");
In place of " myLogin
" you insert the name you use to
log in to the DBMS; in place of " myPassword
" you insert
your password for the DBMS. So, if you log in to your DBMS with a login name of
" Fernanda
" and a password of " J8,
" just these two lines of code will establish a connection:
String url = "jdbc:derby:Fred"; Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "Fernanda", "J8");
If one of the drivers you loaded recognizes the JDBC URL supplied to the
method DriverManager.getConnection
, that driver establishes a
connection to the DBMS specified in the JDBC URL. The DriverManager
class, true to its name, manages all of the details of establishing the
connection for you behind the scenes. Unless you are writing a driver, you
probably won't use any of the methods in the interface Driver
, and
the only DriverManager
method you really need to know is DriverManager.getConnection
The connection returned by the method DriverManager.getConnection
is an open connection you can use to create JDBC statements that pass your SQL
statements to the DBMS. In the previous example, con
is an open
connection, and you use it in the examples that follow.
Using a DataSource Object for a connection
Using aDataSource
object increases application portability by
making it possible for an application to use a logical name for a data source
instead of having to supply information specific to a particular driver. The
following example shows how to use a DataSource
to establish a
connection:
You can configure a DataSource
using a tool or manually. For
example, Here is an example of a DataSource
lookup:
InitialContext ic = new InitialContext() DataSource ds = ic.lookup("java:comp/env/jdbc/myDB"); Connection con = ds.getConnection(); DataSource ds = (DataSource) org.apache.derby.jdbc.ClientDataSource() ds.setPort(1527); ds.setHost("localhost"); ds.setUser("APP") ds.setPassword("APP"); Connection con = ds.getConnection();
DataSource
implementations must provide getter and setter
methods for each property they support. These properties typically are
initialized when the DataSource
object is deployed.
VendorDataSource vds = new VendorDataSource(); vds.setServerName("my_database_server"); String name = vds.getServerName();
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